Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory -III
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Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory -III
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III is a personality test authored by Theodore Millon, Carrie Millon, and Roger Davis, published in 1977. It requires 20 to 30 minuets to administer the 175 test items, and it is composted of true or false questions which the respondent answers. It is administered by computer, CD, or with a pencil and paper. The vocabulary on the MCMI-III is worded for an eighth-grade reading level. In addition, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III is designed as a clinical measurement to assist with psychiatric screening and with clinical diagnosis (Millon, Millon, & Davis, 1994).
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) is different from other inventories primarily because of its briefness. It is designed to assess individuals 18 and over who displayed midrange psychopathology, instead of those who suffer from sever mental illness or normal functioning adults. Furthermore it is a method for diagnostic screening whose development was created to meet the condemnation of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and has made vast improvements in the diagnosis of psychopathology and test construction (Anastasi, & Urbina, 1997).
Mail in scoring services and software programs generate profiles and interpretive reports as well as computer programs that are available for expedient scoring and interpretation of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III inventory. Furthermore, the MCMI-III inventory can be scored by hand, but is very labor intensive (Anastasi, & Urbina, 1997).
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III has a score profile of 24 on a clinical scales, based on 12 to 24 overlapping self-descriptive statements that appear in as many as three different scales, even though they have different weight. Items that meet all of the validation criteria for the home scale are given a weight of 2, and all other secondary items are given a weight of 1. Scale development and item selection for the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III progresses through a sequence of three validation steps: (1) theoretical-substantive; (2) internal-structural; and (3) external-criterion (Anastasi, & Urbina, 1997).
Reliability for the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III was found to be parallel to the MCMI-II although the mean retest interval was shorter than the previous study. Differences among the two tests were perceived, verifying the need for ongoing cross-validation work on the MCMI-III as an instrument that is different from the MCMI-II (J. clin. psychol.).
One of the major advantages of the MCMI-III is that it is sourced to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) diagnoses. A precise strength is differential diagnosis of Axis II disorders. With only 175 items, the MCMI-III assesses anxiety and depressive disorders, personality disorders, and, psychosis (Anastasi, & Urbina, 1997).
A noteworthy innovation introduced by the MCMI-III is the use of the standard scores called base rate BR. Adjustments in the base rate score for setting, chronicity, and scores on anxiety and depression may be employed. A BR60 score is the median score, as opposed to the more familiar T50 score equaling the mean. A BR0 score is the lowest possible one, whereas a BR115 score is always the highest possible score achievable on a given scale. A BR75 is generally thought to indicate the presence of a "characteristic ". Additionally, it must also be recalled that a base rate score is criterion referenced, are not norm referenced (Millon, Millon, & Davis, 1994).
Scales that the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) utilizes are constant with the classifications used in the DSM-IV. The MCMI-III makes use of theoretical anchoring, multiaxial design, validation schema, base rate scores, and interpretive depth (Millon, 1969, 1981).
Scales of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III
14 Personality Disorder Scales
-11 Moderate Personality Disorder Scales
-3 Severe personality Pathology Scales
10 Clinical Syndrome Scales
-7 Moderate Syndrome Scales
-3 Severe Syndrome Scales
Corrections Scales
-3 Modifying Indices
-1 Validity Index
14 Personality Disorder Scales (Coordinate with DSM-IV Axis II disorders)
Moderate Personality Disorder Scales 1 - Schizoid
2A - Avoidant
2B - Depressive
3 - Dependent
4 - Histrionic
5 - Narcissistic
6A - Antisocial
6B - Sadistic (Aggressive)
7 - Compulsive
8A - Negativistic (Passive-Aggressive)
8B - Masochistic (Self-Defeating)
Severe Personality Pathology Scales
S - Schizotypal
C - Borderline
P - Paranoid
10 Clinical Syndrome Scales (Coordinate with DSM-IV Axis I disorders)
Moderate Syndrome Scales
A - Anxiety
H - Somatoform
N - Bipolar: Manic
D - Dysthymia
B - Alcohol Dependence
T - Drug Dependence
R - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Severe Syndrome Scales
SS - Thought Disorder
CC - Major Depression
PP - Delusional Disorder
(Retrieved from: www.pearsonassessments.com/tests/mcmi_3.htm - 45k -)
Reference:
Anastasi, Urbina, Psychological testing 7th ed. 1997, Prentice -Hall Inc. Upper Saddle River,
Millon, Theodore (and Roger D. Davis, contributor) - Disorders of Personality: DSM IV and Beyond - 2nd ed. - New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1995
Millon, Theodore - Personality Disorders in Modern Life - New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2000
American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Millon, T. (1969). Modern psychopathology: A biosocial approach to maladaptive learning and functioning. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Millon, T. (1981). Disorders of personality: DSM-III, Axis II. New York: Wiley-Interscience
Millon, T. (1983). The DSM-III: An insiders perspective. American Psychologist, 38, 804-814.
Millon, T. (1990). Toward a new personality: An evolutionary model. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
Millon, T. (1991a). Normality: What may we learn from evolutionary theory? In D. Offer & M. Sabshin (Eds.), New York: Basic Books.
Millon, T. (1991b). Classification in psychopathology: Rationale, alternative & standards. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 245-261.
World Wide Web
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9229434&dopt=Abstract -
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10877466&dopt=Abstract
cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=2095245 -
www.eric.ed.gov/sitemap/html_0900000b80275cd5.html - 5k
(Retrieved from: www.pearsonassessments.com/tests/mcmi_3.htm - 45k -)
www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=80942760 - Millon: Essentials of His Science, Theory, Classification, Assessment, and Therapy Journal article by Roger D. Davis; Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 72, 1999
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